Maintaining the optimal age structure of the forestry fund is an important factor in the use of forest resources. The purpose of this study was to analyze the age structure of the forestry fund of exploitation forests of the Republic of Karelia. For this purpose, data on the age structure of the forest fund by species groups was collected for 17 central forest districts of the study region. Data sources were forest planning documents. The results of the study showed that coniferous forests predominate in the Republic of Karelia. Deciduous tree species are more widely represented in the southern part of the study region. Deciduous and coniferous forests have different age structures. Young stock, mature timber and overmature forest predominate. At the same time, Young stocks are predominantly represented by coniferous forests. A small proportion of forest approaching maturity is one of the fundamental problems of the region under study, as it helps to curb the increase in logging volumes.

Keywords: forest resources, logging, age structure, coniferous species, deciduous species, ripening forests

No modern metropolis can be imagined without such public transport as the subway. The subway is the most important element of infrastructure for large cities and provides a convenient, fast, safe and environmentally friendly way for the population to travel. The construction of the subway is a long and complex process, which requires large investments and consideration of many factors. During the construction of metro stations it is necessary to carry out work on laying utilities, such as electric cables, pipelines for water supply, sewerage, ventilation and other systems. These utilities ensure the operation of the stations and comfort for passengers. Erection of engineering networks in the subway is a complex and multi-year process that requires application of new technologies and high qualification of specialists. However, proper planning and work coordination can significantly reduce time and costs of the project, ensuring uninterrupted operation of metro stations in the future. The work is devoted to the peculiarities of construction of the Moscow subway, which is considered one of the largest subways in the world in terms of length and passenger traffic.

Keywords: metro, utilities, high voltage cable, ventilation shaft, tunnel fan

The purpose of this study was to assess the forest exploitation conditions of the central forestries of the Republic of Karelia and the Murmansk region. To do this, data were collected for 27 central forestries of the study region, representing 20 variables characterizing indicators of wood resources, natural production conditions and road infrastructure. The assessment of forest exploitation conditions was carried out on the basis of the developed system of indicators, which includes 5 indicators: the value of the exploitation fund; the representativeness of the territory to the natural conditions of growth of deciduous species and the level of allowable cutting area for softwood farming; representativeness of the territory with favorable natural and production conditions in the study region; size of allowable cuts for coniferous economy; and the quality of the road network. The indicators were factors extracted by the method of principal axes in the process of factor analysis. Factors explained 81.4% of the total variance of the 20 variables initially selected. The results of the study showed that two groups of forest areas are distinguished in terms of the average forest reserve: the forest areas of the Murmansk region, which are characterized by a low average reserve, and the forest areas of the Republic of Karelia. Four central forestries located in the southern part of the Republic of Karelia are distinguished by the level of reserves in the forests of deciduous tree species and the level of allowable cut for deciduous farming. The most favorable natural and production conditions are forest areas located in the southern part of the Republic of Karelia.

Keywords: logging, natural and production conditions, factor analysis, Karelia, Murmansk region, timber resources

The expediency of using a finely ground mineral additive from burnt mudstone clay for the production of heat-resistant expanded clay concrete based on Portland cement with a rational dose of the additive of 30...50% by weight of the binder is shown. Compositions of heat-resistant expanded clay concrete with a maximum permissible application temperature of I10 classes in compressive strength up to B15 and an average density of up to 1500 kg/m3 have been developed. The efficiency of the technology for obtaining heat-resistant expanded clay concrete using pre-forced electric heating of the concrete mixture up to 60°C is substantiated and rational technological parameters of electric heating are determined. The residual strength of heat-resistant expanded clay concrete obtained using the developed technology, after short-term heating to 1000oC, exceeds 0.65 of the initial, which is higher than the values for analogues according to SP 27.13330.2017. The coefficient of linear temperature expansion of the developed heat-resistant expanded clay concrete in the temperature range of 200...1000oC varies within 2 ...5,8ˑ10-6 1/oC. The increase in the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the studied concretes with an increase in temperature up to 1000°C is up to 34%. The heat resistance of heat-resistant expanded clay concrete at 800oC, obtained using the technology of pre-forced electric heating of the mixture, was 12, 14 and 15 air heat changes, respectively, at a temperature of pre-forced electric heating of 60, 80 and 90 оC.

Keywords: heat-resistant expanded clay concrete, fine-ground mineral additive, mudstone, thermal conductivity coefficient, coefficient of linear thermal expansion, residual strength

The paper considers a model problem of a combined thermal and diffusion process in silicon. The mathematical model of this process is an initial-boundary value problem for a system of linear partial differential equations of parabolic type. In this system, one equation describes the process of heat propagation in silicon, and the other describes the process of impurity diffusion in it. In this case, the equations are not independent in the same way that the diffusion coefficient depends on temperature. For each equation in this system, the corresponding initial-boundary conditions are set. An implicit difference scheme and the classical sweep method are used to find an approximate solution to the problem that has arisen. The paper presents a description of a numerical algorithm and exact calculation formulas for solving a discretized parabolic problem.

Keywords: model of thermal diffusion process, numerical simulation, sweep method, implicit difference scheme

The article discusses the method of recognizing contours in the primary image. An algorithm has been developed for finding the absolute minimum of functionality in an image.

Keywords: contour, algorithm, defect, recognition, cut, reference frame, minimum search

Geodesic control plays an important role in the reconstruction of cultural heritage sites. It allows the accurate determination of the geometric parameters of historic objects, which can be particularly important for restoring their historic size and shape to achieve the most accurate match to the original appearance. Geodetic work is carried out to support the accuracy of design and construction. They allow you to monitor the consistency of the design documentation and the actual work performed. This can help avoid errors and additional work during the construction phase and ultimately ensure a higher quality of reconstruction. This paper describes geodetic support during the reconstruction of the residence of Patriarch Kirill. Located on a huge territory the complex has a high religious-historical and cultural significance, which determines the quality of geodetic control at all stages of reconstruction and construction works.

Keywords: object of cultural heritage, architectural monuments, reconstruction, geodetic surveys, geodetic network, geodetic control, geodetic monitoring

This article discusses the concepts of ""sustainable and integrated development"" of territories, problems and ways to solve them. The main problems of the development of modern urbanized territory are identified. A solution to the problem is proposed based on an approach to a comprehensive assessment of territories, which will allow in the future to give recommendations on how to eliminate problems associated with providing the required green framework in the study area.

Keywords: sustainable development of territories, integrated development of territories, ecological framework, green framework, architectural concept, transport and road infrastructure

Due to the intensive development of digital technologies, significant progress is be-ing observe in the creation of automated systems and technologies. One of the most pressing problems at the present stage of industrial development is the presence of cases of oil spills caused because of technological accidents and accidents. With advanced achievements in the field of digital technologies, it seems possible to au-tomate the process of identifying oil spills. The main purpose of the current article is to analyze the possibility of using unmanned aerial vehicles to perform automatic identification of oil spills. The author investigates this issue, and presents an option to increase the use of these systems based on the development of a special image-processing algorithm based on exponential accumulation and the variance method. The results of the work confirm the hypothesis of the effective use of unmanned aerial vehicles for automatic identification of oil spills.

Keywords: automation, unmanned aerial vehicle, oil spill, identification, image processing

The search for orthogonal and quasi-orthogonal matrices is considered as a sequence of setting initial conditions, choosing an implementation method, filtering a set of generated sequences. It is proposed to accelerate the search for matrices by pre-fixing their structure and filtering the generated sequences using the Fourier spectrum. Fixing the structure involves using the symmetry properties of the desired matrices. Filtering allows you to exclude sequences with explicit spectrum outliers when forming blocks of symmetric matrices.

Keywords: mining of matrices, Hadamard matrices, Propus conctruction, filtering sequences

The main task in the development and integration of digital automation tools is to increase the efficiency of the enterprise. One of the most relevant areas of integra-tion of such solutions is port activity. The purpose of the current article is to ana-lyze the issues of improving the efficiency of port activities based on intelligent au-tomation tools. The author considers in more detail the solution of the presented problem based on the integration of neural video analytics solutions. The paper us-es theoretical research methods, as well as the results of foreign and domestic scien-tific research. The scientific significance of the work lies in the attempt to systema-tize knowledge about methods of increasing the efficiency of port activities based on intelligent automation tools.

Keywords: port activity, automation, neural video analytics, enterprise, artificial intelligence

The article discusses approaches to solving natural language processing problems such as extracting key concepts or terms, as well as semantic relationships between them to build data-driven IT solutions. The subject of the work is relevant due to the constant growth of volumes of low-structured and unstructured digital text. The extracted information can be used to improve numerous processes: automatic tagging, optimization of content search, construction of word clouds and navigation sections; furthermore, to create draft versions of dictionaries, thesauri, and even bases for expert systems.

Keywords: natural language processing, term, lemma, semantical relationship, statistical processing, machine learning, word2vec

The results of the development of a software package are presented that allow training personnel to work in a district heating system to ensure a reliable process of energy transportation in heat networks. The developed simulator described in the article is a software package that includes a SCADA system and a Termas client for modeling and simulation operation of the district heating system. The simulator consists of a thermal-hydraulic mathematical model of the operating modes of the heating network, software and information support for setting up the operating modes of the simulator and assessing the actions of the personnel by the instructor based on the results of work on the simulator. The requirements for the functionality of the simulator are presented. The Demand Analysis application was used to collect data on energy consumption and outdoor temperature. The process of operation of the simulator in the simulation and modeling mode for the heat networks of the city of Yekaterinburg is presented. The developed software simulator makes it possible to simulate an accident, train personnel in the skills of safe equipment control in complex non-stationary modes. The software package allows you to reduce energy costs.

Keywords: training simulator, software, district heating, heating networks, SCADA system, Termis platform, model, temperature, accident

Currently, artificial intelligence is gaining more and more development in various sectors of the national economy. However, he is not able to function without the control of a person and helps him in solving a narrow range of tasks. In the article, based on the analysis of leaders in the implementation of AI, the prospects for its development are considered. The role of company management in projects for the implementation of AI tools and methods is emphasized. The possibilities of introducing AI methods in the construction industry are considered. It is proposed at the initial stage to apply machine data processing to solve logistics problems. The main stages of the implementation of AI elements for construction organizations are proposed.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, construction, supply, material resources

The article describes four developed designs of samples of joints of solid wood elements on aluminum linings. They made it possible to simulate the operation of real connections of the main and secondary beams, as well as crossbars and columns. Tests of connection samples were carried out, one of the four developed variants of sample designs was selected that most fully reflects the actual work of real joints of wooden elements. The strength and deformation characteristics of the joint, the upper boundary of the elastic work area (VGOUR) of the joint are determined. Based on the conducted research, the peculiarities of the work of the studied compounds were determined, a sample of the connection of a wooden element with a metal overlay was developed, which allowed the development of measures aimed at increasing the bearing capacity and reducing the deformability of the studied compounds without significant material costs associated with the purchase of expensive SHERPA linings.

Keywords: solid wood, metal slips, testing of joint specimens, joint bearing capacity, joint deformability, upper limit of the elastic work region, full deformation, permanent deformation, elastic deformation, safety factor