The subject of the research is the possibility of using information modeling in the organizational and technological design of the construction of various objects. The purpose of the study is to identify the main parameters of the information model used for construction design. In the course of the work, an analysis of current work on this topic was made and the need to improve the quality of organizational and technological design in construction was identified. The article discusses the main tasks of organizational and technological design and examples of the possible simplification of their solution by using the information model of the object. Affected use in project development: 3D, 4D, 5D, and 6D simulations. Improving computer technology in this area makes it possible to minimize construction time and make the process of building buildings and structures cost-effective.

Keywords: information modeling, design, organization of the country, operation, scheduling, construction

In modern Russia, market relations determine the direction of capital investments in the oil and gas industry. Preference is given to capital investments in profitable and fast-paying construction projects.. Increasing the efficiency of capital investments with their relative reduction can be achieved with the full intensification of oil and gas construction, which creates fixed assets for the oil and gas industry. The criterion for improving the efficiency of construction production can be called a reduction in the estimated cost of construction projects, reducing production costs with the growth of national income. Differences in the domestic and foreign assessment of the efficiency of capital investments in the oil and gas complex are due to the peculiarities of the construction process in this industry. Therefore, the methodology of a clear distinction in certain areas of construction, considering the construction industry as a process that ensures the development of the oil and gas industry as a whole, will assess the effectiveness of capital investments in the construction of oil and gas facilities for the entire period of investment.

Keywords: organization of construction, oil and gas facilities, technological processes of construction, efficiency of capital investments

Appointment of forensic construction and technical expertise in the practice of an expert is a prerequisite for collecting evidence and materials related to the construction site and the territories functionally associated with them, which for the practical application of the courts are an important factor when deciding in favor of a particular party to the proceedings (dispute). The problems arising in the process of the case under study are objective and legal in nature.

Keywords: judicial construction and technical expertise, expert, court, criminal justice, civil justice, problems of practice, procedural action, expert opinion, court decision

The comparison of different methods of selection of signs for identification of objects on digital images of microscopic preparations of sputum, colored by the method of tsilya-Nilsen. The following methods were considered: the method of intersections, Shannon, kulbaka and accumulated frequencies. It is concluded that the method of intersections allows the selection of features from the entire feature space so that the classification models allow to obtain the maximum accuracy of classification with the least number of input parameters.

Keywords: method Ziehl-Nielsen, object recognition, image recognition, selection of features, the method of cumulative frequencies, the method of Shannon, Kullback, the method of intersections, logistic regression, classification tree, discriminant analysis

This article is dedicated to one of the symbols of Volgograd city, which is the Astrakhanskiy Bridge. We described the history of creation and the technical specifications of the bridge over the Tsaritsa river. After conducting an investigation, some defects in the bridge construction were uncovered. The framework arcs have longitudinal cracks, the protective layer of concrete is destroyed; the longitudinal main reinforcement is exposed and corroded. The protective layer of concrete was removed and the longitudinal main reinforcement was corroded on the longitudinal beams. During operation of the bridge, the defects that decrease load capacity and durability appeared: destruction of the protective layer of concrete on a plate of about 2 square meters. This led to the beginning of corrosion of the lower reinforcement net. Steel brackets, holding the walkway slabs, are heavily corroded; the protective paint coating on them is destroyed over significant lengths. The analysis of detected damage allowed to evaluate their impact on the durability and load capacity of the construction and determine those, who are responsible for its occurrence. It is noted that postponing of repair operations has a negative impact on the state of the bridge.

Keywords: bridge, city symbol, superstructure, roadway plate, defects, arch, bridge system, bearing structures, durability, load capacity

The methods of injection fixing the soils of the base under the foundations of cultural heritage are considered. The specific examples show the features of soil consolidation by cementation and silicatization methods. The technological features of soil consolidation, taking into account the material of the foundations and the technical condition of cultural heritage sites are given

Keywords: cementation, silicatization, injector, soil, consolidation, foundation, object of cultural heritage, sediment, subsidence, deformation

In this article, a prototype of a multichannel digital ammeter will be considered. The structural scheme and algorithm of the program for the microcontroller is presented.

Keywords: ammeter, digital ammeter, multichannel digital ammeter, prototype ammeter, Hall sensor, Hall effect

The article describes the development of a wireless monitoring system for toxic and flammable gases control to solve the actual problem of gaseous environment automated control at hazardous production facilities. The architecture of the monitoring system is described, which consists of wireless gas analyzers with connected remote digital modules. The article deals with design and circuit solutions for the development of a gas sensors digital module, which includes: a microcontroller, a RS-485 transceiver, an integrated power supply based on a pulse converter, and a block with digital gas sensors. The principle of the combined protection against electrostatic and microsecond interference is considered, as well as the concept of digital gas sensors with sensing elements of various physical types. The developed module is to detect explosive and toxic gases in the atmosphere, and can be used in emergency prevention systems at the factory together with execution units.

Keywords: monitoring system, industrial safety, gas sensor, intelligent digital sensor, zigbee, microassembly, RS-485, toxic gas, explosive gas

The article describes the concept of the digital gas sensors for toxic and flammable gases used in portable gas analyzers and stationary systems for dangerous objects monitoring. The results of the development of the low-power digital gas sensor for determining the concentration of carbon monoxide are described. The structure of the analog sensitive element, as well as its sensitivity to various gases and ambient temperature, is considered. A structural and schematic solution of a digital gas sensor using operational amplifiers and a miniature microcontroller is presented. The algorithm of firmware of the microcontroller is considered, as well as the calibration process.

Keywords: Digital gas sensor, toxic gas, gas converter, carbon monoxide, gas analyzer, monitoring system, calibration process, gas generator

Beams are structural elements subjected to bending loads transverse to their longitudinal axis. For steel beams, which compressed flange is not laterally restrained, checking loss of overall stability is often authoritative in determining their section. In engineering practice are known various approaches to verify the assurance of the steel beam against lateral-torsional buckling. In this article the attention is focused to the methods and their characteristics, described in actual version of the European standard EN1993-1-1.

Keywords: lateral-torsional buckling, steel beams, critical bending force, FEA

Radon is universally present in the atmosphere and is the most important natural source of radiation. The highest radon doses relate to staying in buildings. However, the damage from radiation exposure to radon is associated with the progression of lung cancer and the premature death from this disease of people exposed to radiation. The application of the principle of optimization of radiation protection in a radon exposure situation is complicated by the fact that a number of tasks remain ignored.

Keywords: Radon, territory, gas, radiation, emitting, dose, volumetric activity, source, site, protection, premises

The article is devoted to the approach to the development and design of effective dust collectors for the aspiration systems of the construction industry. It was proposed and implemented the study of the particle shape factors that determine the hydrodynamic features of gas flow around dust particles, for example, in the aspiration schemes, which are most spread and applied in the construction industry using the results of complex analysis of variance it this article. It was presented results of implementation hydrodynamic criteria in the output function of the analysis. The values’ meanings of the particle shape factors of the dusts’ particles were gained and obtained at the final stage of experiment. It was obtained regressions for particle shape factors as functions of hydrodynamic criteria. It was proposed dependences to clarify the particle sedimentation-growth velocities taking into account the influence of the particle shape factors of the studied dust samples. It was allowed possibility to assess and obtain ranges of changes in the values’ meanings of particle shape factors. It was obtained more reliable results for determining the sedimentation values’ velocities of dust particle as a determining result of complex analysis of variance of particles also. The research results allow the development and design of dust collecting devices for cleaning emissions in dust removal systems of the aspiration schemes of the construction industry. These dust kinds of collector provides a significant reduction in dust leakage out from dust removal systems of the aspiration. This way become one of the highly effective prevents polluting ways that allows to improve environmental safety of the construction industry.

Keywords: Dust, building material, dust collector, cleaning, leakage, analysis of variance, velocity, sedimentation, criterion, emission, atmosphere, dust removal, aspiration

In the article, a numerical study of the heat sink with a change in the aggregate state of the oil is carried out. Simulation was carried out in Ansys Fluent CAD for two modes, static - with constant heating of the oil at 340K and dynamic, at which the heating temperature varied with time from 340K to 270K. Heat transfer in the event of a change in the aggregate state of a substance is widely used in cases where it is necessary to achieve the maximum efficiency of heat exchange. In this case, the energy is expended on the phase transition of the substance, for example, to evaporation from the liquid phase. The advantage of the heat-sink design described in this work is a rather high rate of heat transfer, greater resistance to various influences, including mechanical ones, which is primarily ensured by the simplicity of construction, eliminating the drawbacks of classical designs, which are cumbersome (the presence of an external cooling circuit ) and the limited rate of heat transfer.

Keywords: heat dissipation, numerical methods, aggregate state, computational experiment, heat exchange efficiency

In the article, the authors carried out a computer experiment in Ansys Fluent CAD to study the efficiency of a heat sink surface in terms of reducing the temperature of a heat-loaded source. Providing optimal thermal conditions for electronic products is one of the most important problems in the design of radio electronic equipment. Increasing the temperature of electronic products significantly reduces the reliability of their work. The work is devoted to numerical modeling of the heat sink surface efficiency of a pin radiator with an internal heat source. A conclusion is drawn about the ineffectiveness of performing a heat sink pin surface, not the entire surface is equally effective.

Keywords: thermal mode of equipment, pin heat sink, numerical methods, aerodynamic flow

In this paper, we consider the application of the optical heterodyning method for signal processing of a receiving device. The simulation of the developed scheme was carried out in the environment of OptiSystem. Also presented are the results of modeling, explaining the principle of operation of this scheme.

Keywords: optical heterodyning, radio frequency, L-band, signal spectrum