The article discusses the issues of stability of pedestrian paths and staircases located on sloped areas and interacting with a complex geological environment. The features of designing construction projects on sloping areas are considered. The reasons for the occurrence of various defects and destruction on the staircase, located on the embankment of Khabarovsk, were investigated. An assessment of the stability of the structure during repair work is given. Measures are proposed to increase the stability of the structure.

Keywords: staircase, slope, slope stability, stress-strain state, fortifications

Lignin is a natural polymer material, one of the main components of wood and is a renewable resource. The current trends concerning the methods of oxidation of hydrolysis lignins and the use of oxidation products are considered. Lignin oxidation processes are mainly aimed at obtaining macromonomers with a high content of functional groups and at obtaining low molecular weight oxidation products. A significant group of research is associated with the development of processes for the production of polyols used for the synthesis of polyurethane foams. In view of the insolubility of hydrolysis lignins in acidic media, the reactions of their modification to obtain highly reactive polymeric ingredients are expediently carried out in acids. Electrochemical oxidation in acidic environments allows for multiple use of electrolytes and is energy-consuming to young.

Keywords: renewable resource, industrial waste, hydrolysis lignin, oxidized lignin, hydroxyl groups, macromonomers, low molecular weight products, chemical oxidation, catalysis, electrochemical method, resource saving