In this article the authors consider the problems associated with the organization and realization of capital repair of buildings of medical and preventive institutions in the conditions of their functioning. The authors analyze the regulatory documents, explore the design and working documentation of real objects for capital repair works of some of medical institutions of the Moscow region, which continue their functioning, and highlight the main problems arising in the organizational and technological designing: insufficient informativeness of the normative documentation on spesual conditions of functioning of a medical institution, difficulties in the organization of storage areas for materials, difficulties in moving construction equipment, noise and maintaining cleanliness.If these aspects are not taken into account in the design process, it may have a negative impact on the work of the medical institution: the lives of patients and staff will be endangered, the quality of medical services will be unsatisfactory. In addition, attention should be paid to update regulatory documentation to improve the process of capital repair works, ensuring a high level of safety and comfort for patients and staff.
Keywords: capital repair, medical and preventive institution, moral deterioration, physical deterioration, safety, repair and construction works, modernization, medical institution, noise, cleanliness, construction organization
The article discusses the difficulties and issues of the effectiveness of the implementation of digital technologies of electronic document management (EDM) in construction organizations, the prospects for digitalization of document management. It is noted that in construction, digital EDM technologies play a significant role due to the significant volume of construction documentation, the complexities of investment and construction projects, the need to comply with the requirements and deadlines for the implementation of construction processes and work at the stages of the project life cycle. The stages of assessing the results of applying digital EDM technologies in a construction organization are presented. Some digital EDM technologies are characterized. The correlation of the goals and objectives of applying digital EDM technologies in the format of functional decomposition of business processes of a construction organization is determined. An assessment of the results of applying some digital EDM technologies in a construction organization is presented.
Keywords: electronic document management, electronic document management system, digitalization, digital technology, digital space, construction organization, construction sector, assessment, result
Flexibility is the ability of a system to respond to changes in the external environment. To ensure the progress and implementation of large-scale projects, they as systems must have the ability to promptly respond and adapt to changes in the environment and requirements. Resources are limited in the implementation of large construction projects. If the cost of construction increases to such an extent that the customer or investor cannot cover it, then the implementation of such a project becomes impossible. Similarly, it is necessary to control the timing and efficiency of construction. Thus, under conditions of limited resources, the efficiency of their use and management determines the success of the project and the achievement of the set goals. Communication and regulation of relationships between members of large design organizations, the efficiency of information transfer and the ability to share resources by participants play an important role in flexibility in project implementation. Flexible management of organizational structures effectively solves problems such as changes, conflicts, risks, etc. Based on the theory of flexibility, this article analyzes how, through coordinated work, difficulties and problems in the construction process are effectively solved in large-scale project organizations, how the implementation of set tasks is controlled.
Keywords: large-scale projects, flexibility, organizational structure, management
A comprehensive methodology for calculating assessment of wells reliability and condition in terms of submersible equipment operation, operating time and additional negative factors of operation through Boolean and fuzzy logic has been developed. The methodology includes retrospective analysis, calculation for the current moment and calculation of future possible failures with the preparation of various option of wells repair schedule and their distribution into risk zones.
Keywords: boolean logic, fuzzy logic, time to failure, bath function, weighting factor, membership function, screening method
The article is devoted to the issue of making organizational and technological decisions when the stock of information for alternatives to choosing the required tasks is either very small, or they are changing drastically. Since it is not easy to make an organizational and technological business decision due to the fact that it is not clear what the result will be, it is proposed to use game theory in conditions of uncertainty. What kind of decision will be made and which of the available strategies the designer will adopt depends on what economic effect will be obtained as a result of the implementation of the organizational and technological solution being developed. Game theory is a special class of mathematical models for decision-making under specific conditions. By choosing solutions in the wake of uncertainty, game theory formalizes possible knowledge about the course of action of the participants in the game in certain conflict situations and allows you to mathematically substantiate knowledge about a rational course of action in certain conditions. When constructing construction projects in environmentally unfavorable conditions, the risk matrix is compared and the best option for the development of a construction project is determined.
Keywords: construction and technical expertise, reliability, organizational and technological solutions, diagnostic methods, efficiency.
This paper examines the problems and obstacles that arise during the implementation of investment projects in the field of capital construction, between the customer and the general contractor (a subsidiary of the customer). To solve the problems, it is proposed to develop specific measures to modernize the investment and construction activities of the customer company, in accordance with the economic development strategy adopted in Russia, based on digitalization. Information systems and technologies offer great opportunities for the development of various aspects of economic activity. One of them is information systems for managing investment projects. As a result of the work, the authors formulated the main directions of development and proposed solutions for modernizing the investment and construction activities of the customer company.
Keywords: investment and construction activities, investment project, industrial construction, customer, general contractor, information systems and technologies
" The article discusses organizational and technological solutions for the installation of hinged ventilated facades, which are aimed at: ensuring the efficiency of work; increasing labor safety and productivity, reducing the cost of installation work, eliminating wasteful consumption of all types of resources used, using progressive methods of organizing work; use of modern means of mechaniza-tion and automation. Organizational and technological solutions in the design of ventilated curtain walls were optimized in three stages. The main problem identified in this article is that in modern construction, with a wide variety of structures available, facade systems are selected without appropriate organizational, technologi-cal, and economic justification, mainly relying on the experience of previous construction projects. Therefore, the problem of lacking reliable tools for determining the effectiveness of various organi-zational and technological solutions for facade work production at the planning stage of the object's life cycle can be formulated."
Keywords: hinged ventilated facades, organizational and technological solutions, organiza-tional and technological documentation, technological map, thermal insulation
The article provides research on the issues of effective construction of concrete structures of various functionality. The purpose of the article is to study the features of the processes of effective construction of concrete structures of various functionality in construction. To achieve the set goals, the tasks of conducting an analytical review on the issue, dedicated to the production of concrete with specified properties for monolithic concrete structures, were solved in order to reduce the influence of external temperature factors on their properties. Modern technologies for the construction of concrete structures were analyzed: fiber-reinforced concrete, “smart” concrete, as well as modification methods to improve the properties of concrete structures.
Keywords: construction, concrete, concrete structures, functionality, properties, construction.
A comparative analysis of quality control procedures for incoming construction materials and products in Russia and China is conducted. The study examines the regulatory and legal frameworks, as well as the specific characteristics of organizing and documenting incoming quality control in both countries. Similarities and differences in approaches to ensuring construction quality, preparation of accompanying documentation, and maintenance of incoming inspection logs are analyzed. The prospects for digitalization of document management processes in the construction industry and the need for further research into the organizational aspects of construction quality assurance are discussed.
Keywords: construction supervision, incoming quality control, regulatory framework, as-built documentation, Russia, China
This article discusses the problem of determining the parameters of the underground structure during large-block construction. The construction of buildings from large modules is a method of building construction, which is based on the use of ready-to-assemble modules of large sizes. This construction method allows you to significantly speed up the process of building construction, reduce construction costs, and ensure a high level of quality and functionality of structures, primarily due to the fact that these structural blocks are built in factory conditions. They can be made of various materials such as concrete, steel or composite materials. These modules can include not only walls and partitions, but also floors, ceilings, electrical wiring, plumbing and other elements, which reduces the assembly time on site.
Keywords: large-block construction, construction of the underground part of a large-block structure, building structures, technologies and organization of construction production.
The article discusses issues of improving the quality and safety of pedestrian and vehicle traffic in underground linear structures. The main parameters of traffic safety in tunnel-type transport structures are considered. The scope of application of luminescent and retroreflective materials in the construction and operation of concrete and asphalt concrete pavements has been determined. Recommendations are given for the use of special luminous materials in construction practice.
Keywords: concrete, asphalt concrete, reflective coatings, luminescent materials, traffic safety
Abstract: This article is devoted to the formation of a methodology for determining the duration of emergency recovery work, in case of damage to buildings and their structures from the effects of force factors, which is an important industrial and social task. The main indicator adopted in this article for calculating the duration is the duration criterion (Upr). In the course of the study, factors were formed and grouped according to segmental characteristics, based on the degree of their influence on the duration of emergency recovery operations, a multiple regression equation was compiled, which allowed taking into account the influence of the most significant factors on a single assessment scale. The findings of the study are supposed to be used to determine the duration of emergency recovery work. Thus, the methodology for determining the duration of work is an important tool in the complex of measures for the effective conduct of restoration work and minimizing costs.
Keywords: emergency recovery work, organizational and technological model, method of expert assessments, multiple regression equation, capital construction project, technical condition of the building, force impact, ranking, duration of emergency recovery
The most important fields of 3d printing technologies. The patent's examples.
Keywords: 3d-printing, patents, civil engineering, industry, medicine
The article deals with the problem of determining the volume of traffic on streets with irregular transport demand. The analysis of the historical dynamics of urbanisation of the cities of the Russian Federation is carried out. Various types of layouts of educational institutions (school and preschool) are considered, taking into account their capacity and percentage distribution in cities of the Russian Federation. The sample size of respondents for conducting a sociological survey is calculated. The results of the study are presented taking into account the age group, the method of delivery of students, the distance of residence from the places of attraction, etc. The correlation dependence of traffic intensity and population density through the power of the points of attraction of the urban environment is clarified using calibration coefficients obtained from the results of a sociological study through mathematical processing. A comparative assessment of the dependencies before and after calibration according to the criteria of reliability and representativeness was performed.
Keywords: urban urbanization, traffic intensity, irregular traffic, points of attraction of the urban population, sociological research
The purpose of this study is to develop a survey methodology that allows you to determine the composition of the common property of an apartment building, which is used in the operation of non-residential premises. In the process of theoretical research, analysis methods and results of field observations were used. The results of this study are the classification of non-residential premises that are not part of the common property of an apartment building, a list of elements of an apartment building to be examined to assess their use in the operation of non-residential premises, recommendations to a specialist on the list of documents necessary for this survey. These results are of practical importance for specialists in the field of inspection of buildings and structures when resolving disputes in the practice of operating apartment buildings and non-residential premises that are not part of the common property of a residential building.
Keywords: non-residential premises, classification of non-residential premises, survey methodology, apartment building, common property, list of common property elements, composition of common property, operation, housing stock
Wood as a building material has ancient roots and a long history of use. With the development of technology and the desire to live in better environmental conditions, interest in using wood to construct multi-story buildings is growing. This article is devoted to the prospects for the development of wooden multi-story buildings in Russia, in particular with the use of CLT panels, the popularity of which is growing all over the world. Comparative, statistical and logical analyzes were used as research methods. The article discusses modern methods and technologies for the construction of multi-story wooden buildings, including their advantages in terms of ecology, energy efficiency and design, conducts a comparative analysis of buildings made of reinforced concrete and CLT panels, and proposes a technological scheme for the reconstruction of buildings using CLT panels, including adding additional floors. Challenges and prospects for further development of this technology are highlighted, strategic solutions are proposed to reduce the cost of CLT panels
Keywords: clt-panels, wood construction, wooden structures, reconstruction, renovation, high-rise wooden construction
The article deals with the problem of education and management of construction waste. The data on the increase in construction volumes and, as a result, an increase in the amount of waste in Russia are presented. The main sources and types of construction waste are analyzed, their classification according to the degree of danger. Traditional and modern methods of waste disposal, such as burial, recycling, incineration, are discussed. The conclusion is made about the need to improve environmental culture in the construction industry and improve waste management legislation.
Keywords: construction waste, construction debris, waste disposal, recycling, environmental culture, waste legislation
The article analyzes modern approaches and technologies for recycling and recycling of building materials. Such types of waste as reinforced concrete, brick, glass, wood, plastic, etc. are considered. Special attention is paid to innovative methods of processing to obtain secondary raw materials (recycling). It is shown that the most promising technologies are the crushing of concrete, brick and reinforced concrete for reuse in construction, the melting of scrap metal, glass and plastic, the processing of wood waste into slabs and fuel. There is an insufficient level of application of innovative solutions in Russia. A set of measures has been proposed to improve the efficiency of construction waste disposal: the introduction of advanced technologies, the construction of waste recycling plants, the adoption of a targeted state program, and the improvement of environmental culture.
Keywords: waste, construction debris, Russia, secondary raw materials, reuse, environment, recycling, burial, recycling
The article discusses the design features of wooden buildings constructed from cross laminated timber panels (CLT). CLTis a new material widely used in wooden house construction. The panels are used for the construction of multi-storey buildings and replace traditional frame and cobblestone wooden houses. The article analyzes the advantages of using CLT in modern construction, discusses various types of joints, such as butt joints, corner joints, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. Special attention is paid to panel mounting methods that ensure the reliability and durability of the structure.
Keywords: wooden structure, wood, cross-laminated timber, CLT panel, nodal connection, connection system
The prospect is explored to arrange for incoming and ongoing quality control using digital tools and devices, including those supplanting conventional ones. The paper underscores the importance of integrating digital quality control technologies and BIM technologies as a means to identify potential defects and justifies the relevance of improving the gesture control code for quality control purposes. It further summarizes the quality control techniques and procedures and highlights an opportunity to develop digitalized quality control charts based on effective conventional documents.
Keywords: integration of BIM, VR and АR technologies, laser scanner, ongoing quality control chart, digital quality information model
The problem of building a model of an intelligent system for continuous monitoring of the density of asphalt concrete mixture for vibrating rollers is considered. The methodology and theoretical foundations of the construction of such systems for road machines were considered by the author earlier in the author's publications. Four models of functional dependencies of compaction quality indicators on variable dynamic parameters of the system are proposed. An algorithm that implements the proposed method is presented, as well as scientific results obtained on the basis of measured signals of vibration parameters in a field experimental study during the construction of the upper layer of asphalt concrete pavement of a highway. Scientific results were obtained on the basis of the analysis of data of variables in the time domain.
Keywords: intelligent system, fuzzy neural network, asphalt roller
The article is devoted to the use of reinforced soils in the base of pavements of highways located in the I road-climatic zone. The features of the operating modes of reinforced foundation soils are considered, and their physical and mechanical characteristics with various combinations of mineral and polymer modifiers are determined. The authors analyze the advantages and disadvantages of using reinforced soils. The article also discusses the design and construction of roads using reinforced soils.
Keywords: highway, road pavement, foundation, soils, reinforced soils, modifiers
The relevance of the issue of variant design is considered, taking into account the analysis of previously applied solutions. The concept of installation manufacturability of objects is revealed, its component properties are substantiated. A table of the hierarchy of installation manufacturability properties has been generated. The functions of each level of the property hierarchy are disclosed. The weight indicators of the criteria were calculated using an expert survey. a formula for a complex indicator of installation manufacturability was obtained. A hypothesis has been put forward about the quantitative assessment of the levels of installation manufacturability.
Keywords: manufacturability, installation manufacturability, levels of hierarchy of installation manufacturability, weight of indicators of properties of installation manufacturability, installation of steel structures
Technology of jet-grouting is a method of strengthening weak or heavily watered soils by pumping high-pressure cement slurry into the well to break the structure of the soil and simultaneously stirring its particles with cement slurry. The result is a ground-cement mass which has predefined improved strength and deformation characteristics. Technology of jet-grouting has a great potential for development and application in various construction industries, such as buildings, roads, bridges and other structures under various geological conditions. The development of jet-grouting technology won't only expand its application, but can improve competitiveness in the construction services market.
Keywords: recycling, reinforced concrete, secondary crushed stone, construction waste, crushing equipment.
The article discusses the use of organic binders to modify the properties of cement soils. The scope of application of cement soils in construction practice, including the construction of highways, is considered. The influence of the use of organic binders as a complex additive that modifies the strength characteristics of cement soils has been studied. The influence of the use of complex modifiers and additives on the frost resistance and water permeability of cement soils has been determined.
Keywords: cement soil, organic binder, highway, working layer, frost resistance, modifiers